The United States of America has assumed the 2026 Presidency of the Group of 20 (G20) effective December 1, 2025 to almost a a year.

Then after the United Kingdom takes over the 22nd Presidency in late 2026 for the year 2027 term.

Under President Donald J. Trump’s leadership the U.S. government has vowed to undertake “much-needed reforms” during its presidency and “return the G20 to focus on its core mission of driving economic growth and prosperity to produce results.”

Founded on September 26, 1999, the G20 is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 sovereign countries-Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Türkiye, United Kingdom and United States) and two regional bodies: the European Union and the African Union.

The African Union became the G20’s 21st member in 2023.

Spain has been a permanent guest since 2008 along with several other countries and major international organizations including the International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank, and World Trade Organization (WTO) are also regular participants to summits.

During the 250th anniversary year of the United States, the 21st Group of 20 (G20) Leaders’ two-day Summit is to scheduled be hosted by in one of United States of America’s greatest cities, Miami, Florida at the Trump National Doral Miami, a property of the host, U.S. president Donald Trump, in Doral, Florida on December 14-15, 2026.

It is a known fact that Asia faced a financial crisis in 1997. To cope with the situation, a forum was created for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors to discuss global economic and financial issues. As it needs to interact and play a tactful role among the world’s leaders for economic prosperity, the forum was turned into a Group of 20 that has an impact on the economy.

As the interaction and cooperation among these countries are exchanging, the G20 has been upgraded to the level of Heads of State/Government in the wake of the global economic and financial crisis of 2007. In 2009, the G20 was designated as the “premier forum for international economic cooperation”.

To respond to a global financial crisis, the then US President George W. Bush played the role of bringing G20 member countries’ Heads of State and Government in the US. The dream was realized as all the leaders gathered in Washington D.C. in November 2008 and marked the historic opening of the First G20 Summit.

As the first gatherings were fruitful  to address the global economic crisis, the leaders agreed to meet again, with the next summit being held in the United Kingdom. Then onwards every year the summit is being taken place.

According to the US State Department reports, as the G20 contributes to upgrading the global economy by serving as the premier forum for international economic cooperation and coordination among the world’s major advanced and emerging economies, US has vows to return the G20 to focusing on its core mission of driving economic growth and prosperity to produce results unleashing economic prosperity by limiting regulatory burdens, unlocking affordable and secure energy supply chains, and pioneering new technologies and innovations.

G20 plays an important role in shaping and strengthening global architecture and governance on all major international economic issues with crisis management, shaping global financial architecture, and promoting strong, sustainable, and inclusive growth.

In terms of global combination of the G20 Forum, the members represent around 79.3% of the world’s population, over 89.0% of world GDP and over 79.0% of global trade. Thus, the G20 Summit gives an opportunity to gather the leaders and policymakers from the world’s major economies to discuss key economic, development and social issues.

While analyzing the economic facts, according to IMF estimation, among all of the G20 nations, the United States has the highest gross domestic product (GDP) per capita while Germany represents the second highest.

Among G20 economies, India recorded the highest year-on-year growth rate at 6.9%, followed by China (5.4%) and Indonesia (4.8%). The Republic of Korea recorded the largest contraction at -0.3%.

As the G20 presidency rotates annually among member countries and the secretariat is a temporary body established in the host country during its presidency to coordinate meetings and events, the world’s richest economies’ forum G20 does not have a permanent headquarters.

The G20 Summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency. The G20 initially focused largely on broad macroeconomic issues, but it has since expanded its agenda to inter-alia include trade, sustainable development, health, agriculture, energy, environment, climate change, and anti-corruption.

The G20 Presidency is responsible for bringing together the G20 agenda in consultation with other members and in response to developments in the global economy.

While viewing history, the 1st G20 Summit was held in the United States on 14–15 November 2008, followed by the 2nd meeting in the United Kingdom on 2-3 April 2009.

Again the United States hosted the 3rd  Summit on 24–25 September 2009. Then Canada took the responsibility to host the 4th summit on 26–27 June 2010.

Likewise, the 5th summit was held in South Korea on 11–12 November 2010  followed by 6th summit in France on 3–4 November 2011, 7th Summit on 18–19 June 2012 in Mexico, 8th meeting on 5–6 September 2013 in Russia.

Australia hosted the 9th summit on 15–16 November 2014 whereas Turkey organized the 10th summit on 15–16 November 2015. China hosted the 11th meeting on 4–5 September 2016 and the 12th gathering was organized by Germany on 7–8 July 2017.

The 13th forum was held in Argentina on 30 November -1 December 2018. Japan hosted the 14th summit on  28–29 June 2019 and 15th summit was held in Saudi Arabia on 21–22 November 2020.

The 16th summit was held in Italy on 30–31 October 2021 while Indonesia organized the 17th summit on 15–16 November 2022.

India hosted the 18th summit on 9–10 September 2023 and the 19th summit was hosted by Brazil on 18–19 November 2024.

South Africa hosted the 20th summit on 22–23 November 2025.

In this regard, the G20 meeting has been hosted in Asia, Middle East, Africa, North America, South America, Europe and Pacific.

So far, North America hosted the 1st, 3rd, 4th and 7th Summit of G20. Europe has hosted 2nd, 6th, 8th, 12th and 16th meetings.

South America hosted the 13th and 19th meetings. Pacific hosted the 9th summit.

The Middle East hosted the 10th and 15th summit.

Asia has hosted 5th, 11th, 14th, 17th and 18th gatherings.

Africa only hosted the 20th summit.

After the US hosts 21st summit next year in December, the 22nd summit is to be opened in 2027 in the United Kingdom and again the 23rd summit will be held in South Korea in 2028.